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Pastinachus sephen (Forsskål, 1775)

Accepted
Pastinachus sephen (Forsskål, 1775)
Pastinachus sephen (Forsskål, 1775)
/Pastinachus sephen/Pasep_u0.jpg
/Pastinachus sephen/Pasep_u0.gif
🗒 Synonyms
synonymDasyatis bennetti (non Müller & Henle, 1841)
synonymDasyatis gruveli (Chabanaud, 1923)
synonymDasyatis sephen (Forsskål, 1775)
synonymDasybatus gruveli Chabanaud, 1923
synonymDasybatus sephen (Forsskål, 1775)
synonymHypolophus sephen (Forsskål, 1775)
synonymPastinachus gruveli (Chabanaud, 1923)
synonymPastinachus sephen ater (Macleay, 1883)
synonymRaia sancur Hamilton, 1822
synonymRaja sancur Hamilton, 1822
synonymRaja sephen Forsskål, 1775
synonymTaeniura atra (non Macleay, 1883)
synonymTrigon forskalii Rüppell, 1829
synonymTrygon sephen (Forsskål, 1775)
🗒 Common Names
Bengali
  • Shankar-machh
Divehi; Dhivehi; Maldivian
  • Madi
English
  • Cowtail Ray
  • Drab Stingray
  • Feathertail Stingray
  • Frill Tailed Sting Ray
  • Sting Ray
Kannada
  • Kottar-thorake
  • ಕೊಟ್ಟರ್ ತೊರಕೆ
Malayalam
  • Athuthirukkai
  • Kottivalen-therandi
  • Olapadayan Thirandi
  • Olavalan-thirandi
  • Padaiyan-therandee
  • Puzhian-thirukkai
  • അതുതിരുക്കൈ
  • ആള്പിടിയന് തിരണ്ടി
  • ആറ്റുതിരുത
  • ഒലപടയന് തിരണ്ടി
  • ഒലവലന് തിരണ്ടി
  • ഓല വാലന് തിരണ്ടി
  • കൊട്ടിവേലന് തിരണ്ടി
  • കൊറ്റിവാലന് തിരണ്ടി
  • പടിയന് തിരണ്ടി
  • പടിയന് തെരണ്ടി
  • പുഴിയന് തിരുക്കെ
  • പുഴിയന് തിരുക്കൈ
Marathi
  • Goval-pakat
  • गोवळ
  • गोवळ पकात
  • पकात
Other
  • Madi
Tamil
  • ௭ல்த்தீருக்கை
  • Adal-thirikkai
  • Adathirukkai
  • Adavalan-tiriki
  • Elathirukkai
  • Olaival Thirukkai
  • அடதீருக்கை
  • அடல் தீருக்கை
  • அடவலன் தீருக்கை
  • அதவாழன் திருக்‍கை
  • ஆத திருக்கை
  • ஆதல் திருக்கை
  • இலை திருக்கை
  • உலைவல் தீருக்கை
  • ஓலைவால் திருக்‍கை
  • வோல்க டென்கீ
Telugu
  • Velugiri-tenkee
  • Wolga-tenkee
  • వెలుగిరి టెంకీ
  • వోల్గా టెంకీ
📚 Overview
Overview
Summary
Brief
Freshwater, Brackish, Marine
Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=8203, version (12/2013).
Attributions Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=8203, version (12/2013).
Contributors 
Thomas Vattakaven
Status UNDER_CREATION
Licenses CC_BY_NC
References 
    Diagnostic Keys
    Dorsal spines (total): 0
    Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=8203, version (12/2013).
    Attributions Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=8203, version (12/2013).
    Contributors 
    Status UNDER_CREATION
    Licenses CC_BY_NC
    References 
    1. Compagno, L.J.V. 1986 Dasyatidae. p. 135-142. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths" sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
    Description
    A large, plain, dark stingray with an angular snout and pectoral disc; tail long and broad-based, less than twice body length, and with no upper caudal finfold but with high lower caudal finfold- 2 to 3 times depth of tail but not reaching tail tip; no large thorns; 1 or 2 long stings on tail, further behind tail base than in most stingrays; unique hexagonal, high-crowned teeth . Dark brown or black dorsally without conspicuous markings, white ventrally . Tail black .
    Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=8203, version (12/2013).
    Attributions Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=8203, version (12/2013).
    Contributors 
    Status UNDER_CREATION
    Licenses CC_BY_NC
    References 
    1. Compagno, L.J.V. 1986 Dasyatidae. p. 135-142. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths" sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
    No Data
    📚 Natural History
    Life Cycle
    Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures . Distinct pairing with embrace . Size at birth ~ 18 cm WD (Ref.58048).
    Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=8203, version (12/2013).
    Attributions Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=8203, version (12/2013).
    Contributors 
    Status UNDER_CREATION
    Licenses CC_BY_NC
    References 
    1. Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p.
    Migration
    Amphidromous. Refers to fishes that regularly migrate between freshwater and the sea (in both directions), but not for the purpose of breeding, as in anadromous and catadromous species. Sub-division of diadromous. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.
    Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=8203, version (12/2013).
    Attributions Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=8203, version (12/2013).
    Contributors 
    Status UNDER_CREATION
    Licenses CC_BY_NC
    References 
    1. Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p.
    Size
    Max Length

    183 WD (unsexed) 

    Size

    183 cm WD (male/unsexed; )

    Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=8203, version (12/2013).
    Attributions Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=8203, version (12/2013).
    Contributors 
    Status UNDER_CREATION
    Licenses CC_BY_NC
    References 
    1. Myers, R.F. 1999 Micronesian reef fishes: a comprehensive guide to the coral reef fishes of Micronesia, 3rd revised and expanded edition. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 330 p.
    No Data
    📚 Habitat and Distribution
    General Habitat

    Habitat

    Marine
    Marine
    Habitat reef-associated; amphidromous ; freshwater; brackish; marine; depth range ? - 60 m
    Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=8203, version (12/2013).
    Attributions Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=8203, version (12/2013).
    Contributors 
    Status UNDER_CREATION
    Licenses CC_BY_NC
    References 
    1. Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. Last, P.R. and J.D. Stevens 1994 Sharks and rays of Australia. CSIRO, Australia. 513 p.
    Description
    Remark

    Found in Palk Bay and Gulf of Mannar; also in coastal waters and Chilka Lake

    Occurrence

    native 

    Distribution

    Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea, Persian Gulf and South Africa to Micronesia, north to Japan, south to Melanesia and the Arafura Sea .

    Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=8203, version (12/2013).
    Attributions Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=8203, version (12/2013).
    Contributors 
    Status UNDER_CREATION
    Licenses CC_BY_NC
    References 
    1. Last, P.R. and L.J.V. Compagno 1999 Dasyatididae. Stingrays. p. 1479-1505. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 3. Batoid fishes, chimaeras and bony fishes part 1 (Elopidae to Linophrynidae). FAO, Rome.
    No Data
    📚 Occurrence
    No Data
    📚 Demography and Conservation
    Population Biology
    Abundance

    common (usually seen) 

    Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=8203, version (12/2013).
    Attributions Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=8203, version (12/2013).
    Contributors 
    Status UNDER_CREATION
    Licenses CC_BY_NC
    References 
      Conservation Status

      IUCN Red List Category

      Data Deficient
      Data Deficient
      Not Evaluated IUCN 2006
      Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=8203, version (12/2013).
      Attributions Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=8203, version (12/2013).
      Contributors 
      Status UNDER_CREATION
      Licenses CC_BY_NC
      References 
      1. 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.
      No Data
      📚 Uses and Management
      Uses
      fisheries: minor commercial; aquarium: commercial; price category: low; price reliability: very questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this family
      Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=8203, version (12/2013).
      Attributions Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=8203, version (12/2013).
      Contributors 
      Status UNDER_CREATION
      Licenses CC_BY_NC
      References 
      1. Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran 1991 Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries. vol 1. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam. 541 p. Wongrat, P. 1998 Whip-tailed freshwater stingrays family Dasyatidae of Thailand. p. 35-40. In Adaptability and conservation of freshwater elasmobranchs. Report of Research Project, Grant-in-Aid for International Scientific Research (Field Research) in the financial year of 1996 and 1997. 119 p.
      No Data
      📚 Information Listing
      References
      Overview > Diagnostic > Diagnostic Keys
      1. Compagno, L.J.V. 1986 Dasyatidae. p. 135-142. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths" sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
      Overview > Diagnostic > Description
      1. Compagno, L.J.V. 1986 Dasyatidae. p. 135-142. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths" sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
      Natural History > Life Cycle
      1. Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p.
      Natural History > Migration
      1. Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p.
      Natural History > Size
      1. Myers, R.F. 1999 Micronesian reef fishes: a comprehensive guide to the coral reef fishes of Micronesia, 3rd revised and expanded edition. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 330 p.
      Habitat and Distribution > General Habitat
      1. Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. Last, P.R. and J.D. Stevens 1994 Sharks and rays of Australia. CSIRO, Australia. 513 p.
      Habitat and Distribution > Distribution > Description
      1. Last, P.R. and L.J.V. Compagno 1999 Dasyatididae. Stingrays. p. 1479-1505. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 3. Batoid fishes, chimaeras and bony fishes part 1 (Elopidae to Linophrynidae). FAO, Rome.
      Demography and Conservation > Conservation Status
      1. 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.
      Uses and Management > Uses
      1. Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran 1991 Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries. vol 1. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam. 541 p. Wongrat, P. 1998 Whip-tailed freshwater stingrays family Dasyatidae of Thailand. p. 35-40. In Adaptability and conservation of freshwater elasmobranchs. Report of Research Project, Grant-in-Aid for International Scientific Research (Field Research) in the financial year of 1996 and 1997. 119 p.

      A checklist of fishes of Kerala, India

      Journal of Threatened Taxa
      No Data
      📚 Meta data
      No Data
      🐾 Taxonomy
      RootRoot
      KingdomAnimalia
      PhylumChordata
      ClassElasmobranchii
      OrderMyliobatiformes
      FamilyDasyatidae
      GenusPastinachus
      SpeciesPastinachus sephen (Forsskål 1775)
      📊 Temporal Distribution
      📷 Related Observations
      👥 Groups
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